General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
In 2018 the General Data Protection Regulation came into force, revolutionising the way that personal data is used and handled. Controllers and processors of personal data need to adhere to the regulation in order to be compliant.
What does GDPR mean for my organisation?
If you are an organisation processing personal data in Europe; or you are targeting Europe goods and services; or you are monitoring the activities of European citizens online, you will need to comply with GDPR.
The GDPR was the largest development to data protection legislation since the European Data Protection Directive in 1995. It requires wide-scale privacy changes in all regulated organisations, and regulators have gained unprecedented powers to impose fines. Nevertheless, the GDPR also represents an opportunity to:
- transform your approach to privacy,
- harness the value of your data, and
- ensure your organisation is fit for the digital economy.
It is essential that organisations are able to demonstrate to regulators that they have robust plans in place to comply.
It puts individuals back in control of their personal data
Consumers, customers, workers and users of public and charitable services have more power to control how their data is used. Controllers and processors of personal data could be required to report on, move or dispose of personal data if requested and they must have the capabilities to do this whenever the laws apply. The options for using personal data is restricted.
How you use data will be more transparent
The idea of transparency is now considerably strengthened under the GDPR. Article 5 of the GDPR sets out a number of principles with which data controllers must comply when processing data. They must process the data “lawfully, fairly and in a transparent manner in relation to the data subject”. Organisations will be required to articulate all of the ways personal data is used, and make it clear to individuals what their data is being used for and with whom they have shared it.
Organisations will be subject to higher standards of accountability
Organisations will be required to implement measures to prove their compliance. Such measures include keeping records of processing activities, providing individuals with notice of their rights and employing techniques like pseudonymisation or encryption to ensure the security of personal data. Additionally, organisations will also have to ensure that data they pass to third parties is handled in a manner compliant with the GDPR. As well as this, some may have to appoint a Data Protection Officer (DPO) and undertake privacy impact assessments.
Fines are getting bigger, and the timelines are getting shorter
The GDPR introduces a tougher enforcement regime and it exposes entities to increased financial liability. Fines for non-compliance can be as severe as 4% of annual turnover or 20m EUR — whichever is higher.
Data subjects’ rights have been strengthened and expanded upon
The data subjects’ rights aim to allow individuals to have control over their personal data and people will also be entitled to sue for compensation if they suffer damage or distress by reason of non-compliance. The regulation retains the existing rights of data subjects and creates new rights for individuals such as the “right to be forgotten” and the “right to data portability”. These rights are complex and it is unclear how these rights will operate in practice. As data subjects’ rights strengthen, it is important that organisations are aware of what each right means for them and their business.