| Agent-based modeling | A means of understanding the behavior of a system by simulating the behavior of individual actors, or agents, within that system. |
| Emergent properties | Unpredictable behavior that results from the interactions of agents in a complex adaptive system. Companies are themselves complex adaptive systems, systems that often create value in unpredictible ways. |
| Fundamental innovation | When it involves an enterprise, a means of revenue growth resulting from novel new product or service lines that are unlike those of existing revenue sources. |
| Meta-modeling | The ability to “model the model,” which implies the ability to change or add various types of components at various levels of abstraction. |