Internet wired and mobile access revenue consists of fees paid by consumers to Internet service providers and to wireless carriers for Internet access via mobile devices, whether provided as a stand-alone service or as part of a service bundle where the Internet component is estimated. Figures do not include the purchase of content such as music, or spending on entertainment content downloaded over the Internet or through mobile phones, which is included in the respective content chapters. Access fees for phones provided by corporations for workers to access the corporate network are not included. Internet access is a key driver of entertainment and media spending in most segments.

Wired Internet advertising and mobile Internet advertising consist of spending by online advertisers on display, classified, paid search, video, and other online formats and of spending on advertising delivered to mobile phones via text messages, display ads, video ads, local search, and other formats designed for mobile handset screens.

The television distribution market consists of revenues generated by distributors of television programming to viewers. It includes spending by consumers on subscriptions to basic and premium channels accessed from cable operators, satellite providers, telephone companies, and other multichannel distributors; video-on-demand (VOD); and television distributed to mobile phones on a subscription basis. In North America, EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa), and Asia Pacific it also includes pay-per-view. In EMEA and Asia Pacific, public TV license fees are also included.

The television advertising market consists of advertiser spending on both terrestrial television and multichannel television. It is distinct from mobile TV advertising and advertising on TV Web sites, both of which are covered in the "Internet Advertising: Wired and Mobile" chapter. Net television advertising figures—consisting of spending minus agency commissions and discounts—are tracked in EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa), Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Canada. Advertising in the US and Russia is reported with agency commissions included, as is customary.

Multichannel advertising refers to advertising on networks that are accessed by viewers via cable (analog or digital), satellite, digital terrestrial television (DTT), or other means but that are not otherwise available without these services. Terrestrial advertising consists of advertising that is generated by free-to-air broadcast networks and that can be received through an ordinary television receiver, even if viewers can also receive such networks through a cable, satellite, or DTT service.

The recorded music market consists of consumer spend­ing on physical formats—albums, single sound recordings, and music videos—as well as digital distribution. Digital distribution consists of music distributed to mobile phones and of music downloaded from the Internet through licensed services. Mobile phone music includes ringtones, ring backs, and ring tunes, also known as master ring tones; mastertones and true tones; and music videos and full tracks that can be played on mobile phones. Mobile music also includes a share of fees paid for bundled services that include music as part of the service bundle. The recorded music market does not include fees paid by satellite radio providers. Also not included are music publishing, live performance, and merchandising revenues, which are likely to become more significant in the future. Spending is measured at retail, which can be substantially higher than the wholesale or trade value revenues that are often reported.

The filmed entertainment market consists of consumer spending at the box office for theatrical motion pictures, plus spending on rentals of videos at video stores and other retail outlets (the in-store rental market) and the purchase of home video products in retail outlets and through online stores (the sell-through market). It also includes online film rental subscription services, such as those in which physical DVDs are delivered via overnight mail, and streaming services whereby films are downloaded via a broadband Internet connection. The figures do not include either music videos (which are counted in the "Recorded music" chapter) or video-on-demand, pay-per-view, or movie distribution by cable, satellite, or telephone companies (which are covered in the "TV subscriptions and license fees" chapter).

The video game market consists of consumer spending on console games (including handheld games), personal computer games, online games, and wireless games as well as video game advertising. The category excludes spending on the hardware and accessories used for playing the games. Retail purchases of a game are included in either the PC or console game categories. If those games are then played online for a subscription fee, the subscription fee is counted in the online game category.

The consumer magazine publishing market consists of spending by advertisers in consumer print magazines and on magazine Web sites and magazine mobile sites. Consumer magazine publishing includes spending by readers to purchase magazines via subscriptions or at retail outlets as well as paid online subscriptions. Magazines published under contract, known as customer magazines or custom publishing, also are included. Figures do not include licensing or other ancillary revenues. Trade magazines are covered in the "Business-to-business publishing" chapter.

The newspaper publishing market consists of (1) spending on daily print newspapers by advertisers and readers and (2) advertising on newspaper Web sites and mobile phone sites. Spending by readers includes both newsstand purchases and subscriptions. Sunday editions issued by publishers of daily papers are included in the daily paper totals, as is advertising in free daily newspapers. However, free weeklies and other weekly papers are not included because they constitute a separate and distinct market in terms of content, advertising base, and — when paid for — subscriber interests.

The radio and out-of-home advertising market consists of advertiser spending on radio stations and radio networks, plus out-of-home media such as billboards, street furniture (bus shelters, kiosks, etc.), transit displays (bus sides, on-train print, taxi toppers, etc.), sports arena displays, captive ad networks (in venues such as elevators) and other formats, and satellite-delivered radio subscriptions in the United States and Canada. Satellite radio in the United States also includes advertising. In EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and Asia Pacific, the market includes public radio license fees. Radio advertising does not include Internet radio because we do not have a breakout for that component of the market. Advertising spending is tracked in EMEA, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Canada net of agency commissions. Advertising in the US and Russia is customarily reported as gross spending, which is how it is reflected in our analysis.

The consumer and educational book publishing market consists of retail spending by consumers on consumer books; spending by schools, government agencies, and students on elementary, high school, and college textbooks, including graduate textbooks; and spending on books in electronic formats, called electronic books or e-books. Spending includes library and institutional subscriptions to electronic book databases. Print sales include audio books. Educational books do not include supplemental educational spending, administrative software, or testing materials.

Professional books are covered in the "Business-to-business publishing" chapter.

The business-to-business publishing market consists of spending on business information, print and online directory advertising, print advertising in trade magazines, advertising on trade magazine Web sites, and trade magazine circulation spending. It also includes spending on print and electronic professional books. Business information is an industry increasingly characterized by multinational suppliers selling to multinational buyers. Figures reflect spending by buyers of information in the various countries.

We classify business information into financial, marketing, and industry information categories.

• Financial information involves securities, economic, and credit data.
• Marketing information is used to sell products or services and to monitor sales and includes survey research, mailing lists, and demographic databases.
• Industry information consists of data and content, such as market share information and competitive intelligence, focused on specific industry categories such as accounting, energy, health care, law, manufacturing, real estate, technology, and telecommunications.